Orville Dyer. 1998. Mammals in Smith, I.M., and G.G.E. Scudder, eds. Assessment of species diversity in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone. Burlington: Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Network, 1998.

MAMMALS

Orville Dyer

APPENDIX 1: A CHECKLIST OF THE MAMMALS OF THE MONTANE CORDILLERA ECOZONE

by David Nagorsen - Mammal Curator, Royal British Columbia Museum

This is a list of the 94 native mammals that occur in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone. Introduced species are not included. Distributions and the presence of these taxa in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone were based on Nagorsen and Brigham (1993), Nagorsen (1996), Smith (1993) and the author’s unpublished distribution maps.

Nomenclature is based largely on Wilson and Reeder (1993). There are several deviations from the nomenclature of Wilson and Reeder (1993). As in Nagorsen (1990), I recognised the Northern Long-eared Myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) as a separate species from Keen's Long-eared Myotis (Myotis keenii) (see van Zyll de Jong 1979; van Zyll de Jong and Nagorsen 1994) and the Western Small-footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum) as a separate species from the Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibii) (see van Zyll de Jong 1984). Based on molecular data from Morales and Bickham (1996), I considered western populations of red bats specifically distinct (Lasiurus blossevillii) from eastern populations (Lasiurus borealis). Although generic relations among the plecotine bats are contentious, I classified Townsend’s Big-eared Bat in the genus Corynorhinus (formerly Plecotus) in accordance with Frost and Timm (1992) and Tumlinson and Douglas (1992). I considered the heather voles to be a single species (Phenacomys intermedius), although the taxonomy of Phenacomys is unclear and authorities such as Cowan and Guiguet (1965) and Wilson and Reeder (1993) treated the northern-eastern forms as a separate species Phenacomys ungava. I followed Hogan et al. (1993) and treated the Columbian Mouse (Peromyscus oreas) and Sitka Mouse (Peromyscus sitkensis) as a single species-Keen's Mouse (Peromyscus keeni).

Orders and families are arranged according to their generally accepted phylogenetic sequence. The subfamilies of the rodent family Muridae are odered alphabetically. Genera within a family and species within a genus are ordered alphabetically.

LITERATURE CITED

Cowan, I. McT., and C. J. Guiguet. 1965. The mammals of British Columbia, 3rd printing revised ed, Handbook 11. British Columbia Provincial Museum, Victoria, 414 pp.

Frost, D. R., and R. M. Timm. 1992. Phylogeny of plecotine bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae): summary of the evidence and proposal of a logically consistent taxonomy. American Museum of Natural History Novitates, 3034:1-16.

Hogan, K. M., M. C. Hedin, H. S. Koh, S. K. Davis, and I. F. Greenbaum. 1993. Systematic and taxonomic implications of karyotypic, electrophoretic, and mitochondrial-DNA variation in Peromyscus from the Pacific Northwest. Journal of Mammalogy, 74:819-831.

Morales, J. C., and J. W. Bickham. 1995. Molecular systematics of the genus Lasiurus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) based on restriction-site maps of the mitochondrial ribosomal gene. Journal of Mammalogy, 76:730-743.

Nagorsen, D. W. 1990. The mammals of British Columbia: a taxonomic catalogue. Royal British Columbia Museum Memoir, 4:1-140.

---. 1996. Opossums, shrews and moles of British Columbia. Royal British Columbia Museum Handbook, University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, 168 pp.

Nagorsen, D. W., and R. M. Brigham. 1993. Bats of British Columbia. Royal British Columbia Museum Handbook, University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, 164 pp.

Smith, H. C. 1993. Alberta mammals. An atlas and guide. The Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, 238 pp.

Tumlison, R., and M. E. Douglas. 1992. Parsimony analysis and the phylogeny of the plecotine bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 73:276-285.

van Zyll de Jong, C. G. 1979. Distribution and systematic relationships of long-eared Myotis in western Canada. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 57:987-994.

---. 1984. Taxonomic relationships of Nearctic small-footed bats of the Myotis leibii group (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 62:2519-2526.

van Zyll de Jong, C. G., and D. W. Nagorsen. 1994. A review of the distribution and taxonomy of Myotis keenii and Myotis evotis in British Columbia and the adjacent United States. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 72:1069-1078.

Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference, 2nd ed. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC, 1206 pp.

ORDER INSECTIVORA: INSECTIVORES

FAMILY SORICIDAE: Shrews

Sorex cinereus Kerr Common Shrew

Sorex hoyi Baird Pygmy Shrew

Sorex monticolus Merriam Dusky Shrew

Sorex palustris Richardson Water Shrew

Sorex vagrans Baird Vagrant Shrew

FAMILY TALPIDAE: Moles

Neurotrichus gibbsii (Baird) Shrew-mole

ORDER CHIROPTERA: BATS

FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE: Vespertilionid Bats

Antrozous pallidus (Le Conte) Pallid Bat

Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois) Big Brown Bat

Euderma maculatum (J. A. Allen) Spotted Bat

Corynorhinus townsendii (Cooper) Townsend's Big-eared Bat

Lasionycteris noctivagans (Le Conte) Silver-haired Bat

Lasiurus blossevillii (Lesson and Garnot) Western Red Bat

Lasiurus cinereus (Palisot de Beauvois) Hoary Bat

Myotis californicus (Audubon and Bachman) California Myotis

Myotis ciliolabrum (Merriam) Western Small-footed Myotis

Myotis evotis (H. Allen) Western Long-eared Myotis

Myotis keenii (Merriam) Keen's Long-eared Myotis

Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte) Little Brown Myotis

Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart) Northern Long-eared Myotis

Myotis thysanodes Miller Fringed Myotis

Myotis volans (H. Allen) Long-legged Myotis

Myotis yumanensis (H. Allen) Yuma Myotis

ORDER LAGOMORPHA: LAGOMORPHS

FAMILY OCHOTONIDAE: Pikas

Ochotona princeps (Richardson) Common Pika

FAMILY LEPORIDAE: Hares and Rabbits

Lepus americanus Erxleben Snowshoe Hare

Lepus townsendii Bachman White-tailed Jackrabbit

Sylvilagus nuttallii (Bachman) Nuttall's Cottontail

ORDER RODENTIA: RODENTS

FAMILY APLODONTIDAE: Mountain Beavers

Aplodontia rufa (Rafinesque) Mountain Beaver

FAMILY SCIURIDAE: Squirrels

Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw) Northern Flying Squirrel

Marmota caligata (Eschscholtz) Hoary Marmot

Marmota flaviventris (Audubon and Bachman) Yellow-bellied Marmot

Marmota monax (Linnaeus) Woodchuck

Spermophilus columbianus (Ord) Columbian Ground Squirrel

Spermophilus lateralis (Say) Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel

Spermophilus parryii (Richardson) Arctic Ground Squirrel

Spermophilus richardsonii (Sabine) Richardson’s Ground Squirrel

Spermophilus saturatus (Rhoads) Cascade Mantled Ground Squirrel

Spermophilus tridecemlineatus (Mitchill) Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel

Tamias amoenus J. A. Allen Yellow-pine Chipmunk

Tamias minimus Bachman Least Chipmunk

Tamias ruficuaudus (A. H. Howell) Red-tailed Chipmunk

Tamias townsendii Bachman Townsend's Chipmunk

Tamiasciurus douglasii (Bachman) Douglas' Squirrel

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (Erxleben) Red Squirrel

FAMILY GEOMYIDAE: Pocket Gophers

Thomomys talpoides (Richardson) Northern Pocket Gopher

FAMILY HETEROMYIDAE: Heteromyids

Perognathus parvus (Peale) Great Basin Pocket Mouse

FAMILY CASTORIDAE: Beavers

Castor canadensis Kuhl Beaver

FAMILY MURIDAE: RATS, MICE, VOLES, AND LEMMINGS

SUBFAMILY ARVICOLINAE: Voles and Lemmings

Clethrionomys gapperi (Vigors) Southern Red-backed Vole

Clethrionomys rutilus (Pallas) Northern red-backed Vole

Lemmiscus curtatus (Cope) Sagebrush Vole

Lemmus sibiricus (Kerr) Brown Lemming

Microtus longicaudus (Merriam) Long-tailed vole

Microtus montanus (Peale) Montane Vole

Microtus oregoni (Bachman) Creeping Vole

Microtus pennsylvanicus (Ord) Meadow Vole

Microtus richardsoni (DeKay) Water Vole

Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus) Muskrat

Phenacomys intermedius Merriam Heather Vole

Synaptomys borealis (Richardson) Northern Bog Lemming

SUBFAMILY SIGMODONTINAE: New World Rats and Mice

Neotoma cinerea (Ord) Bushy-tailed Woodrat

Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner) Deer Mouse

Peromyscus keeni (Rhoads) Keen's Mouse

Reithrodontomys megalotis (Baird) Western Harvest Mouse

FAMILY DIPODIDAE: Jumping Mice and Jerboas

Zapus hudsonius (Zimmermann) Meadow Jumping Mouse

Zapus princeps J. A. Allen Western Jumping Mouse

Zapus trinotatus Rhoads Pacific Jumping Mouse

FAMILY ERETHIZONTIDAE: New World Porcupines

Erethizon dorsatum (Linnaeus) Porcupine

ORDER CARNIVORA : Carnivores

FAMILY CANIDAE: Canids

Canis latrans Say Coyote

Canis lupus Linnaeus Gray Wolf

Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus) Red Fox

FAMILY URSIDAE - Bears

Ursus americanus Pallas Black Bear

Ursus arctos Linnaeus Grizzly Bear

FAMILY PROCYONIDAE - Procyonids

Procyon lotor (Linnaeus) Raccoon

FAMILY MUSTELIDAE - Mustelids

Gulo gulo (Linnaeus) Wolverine

Lontra canadensis (Schreber) River Otter

Martes americana (Turton) Marten

Martes pennanti (Erxleben) Fisher

Mephitis mephitis (Schreber) Striped Skunk

Mustela erminea Linnaeus Ermine

Mustela frenata Lichenstein Long-tailed Weasel

Mustela nivalis Linnaeus Least Weasel

Mustela vison Schreber Mink

Taxidea taxus (Schreber) Badger

FAMILY FELIDAE: Cats

Puma concolor (Linnaeus) Cougar

Lynx canadensis Kerr Lynx

Lynx rufus (Schreber) Bobcat

ORDER ARTIODACTYLA - Even-toed Ungulates

FAMILY CERVIDAE - Cervids

Alces alces (Linnaeus) Moose

Cervus elaphus Linnaeus Elk

Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque) Mule Deer

Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann) White-tailed Deer

Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus) Caribou

FAMILY BOVIDAE - Bovids

Bison bison (Linnaeus) Bison

Oreamnos americanus (Blainville) Mountain Goat

Ovis canadensis Shaw Bighorn Sheep

Ovis dalli Nelson Thinhorn Sheep